Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science
Por um escritor misterioso
Last updated 27 junho 2024
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://media.springernature.com/m685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs10086-023-02107-z/MediaObjects/10086_2023_2107_Fig8_HTML.png)
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a promising construction material. When CLT is used for horizontal applications, shear stress occurs in the out-of-plane direction and can fracture the transverse layers owing to the rolling shear. The out-of-plane shear strength of the CLT can be evaluated by an out-of-plane loading test and is affected by the CLT layups and/or span conditions. In this study, we conducted out-of-plane loading tests on 3-layer 4-ply, 5-layer 7-ply, 7-layer 7-ply, and 9-layer 9-ply CLT made of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) under various spans and investigated the effect of layups and spans on the out-of-shear strength. The fracture modes of the specimens were classified into three types: shear fracture, shear fracture accompanied by bending fracture, and bending fracture. The out-of-plane shear strength of the specimens except for the 9-layer 9-ply ones decreased as the span increased, and then converged to a constant value (1.0–1.5 kN/mm2). In addition, the shear strength decreased exponentially as the number of laminae in the transverse layers increased and then converged to a constant value (1.0–1.5 kN/mm2). The out-of-plane shear strength of the 9-layer 9-ply specimens decreased as the shear span increased; however, the converged value with a longer span could not be calculated because the tests were conducted under only three-span conditions. The shear strength of 3-layer 4-ply specimens was lower than that of the other layups. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation of the shear strength of the laminae in the transverse layers showed that a model, which assumed that the minimum shear strength of the laminae in the transverse layers determined the shear strength of a specimen, tended to correspond with the decreasing tendency of shear strength with longer spans. The results showed that the weakest link model for the out-of-plane shear fracture of the CLT would relate to a specimen with long span.
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://www.woodj.org/journal/wood/wood-46-6/gif/wood-46-6-726_F1.gif)
Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://cdnintech.com/media/chapter/77530/1512345123/media/F12.png)
Cross-Laminated Timber: A Review on Its Characteristics and an Introduction to Chinese Practices
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/forests/forests-12-00830/article_deploy/html/images/forests-12-00830-g002.png?1624524682)
Forests, Free Full-Text
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327147820/figure/fig2/AS:662243897257985@1534902657420/CLT-element-loaded-out-of-plane-a-Normal-stress-distribution-through-a-five-layer.png)
CLT element loaded out of plane. (a) Normal stress distribution through
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://www.mdpi.com/forests/forests-12-00524/article_deploy/html/images/forests-12-00524-g001.png)
Forests, Free Full-Text
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0950061821020304-gr5.jpg)
Experimental study on the system effect of bending cross-laminated timber fabricated with Karamatsu larch - ScienceDirect
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://media.springernature.com/m685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs10086-023-02107-z/MediaObjects/10086_2023_2107_Fig4_HTML.png)
Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://www.mdpi.com/forests/forests-12-00524/article_deploy/html/images/forests-12-00524-g005.png)
Forests, Free Full-Text
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/forests/forests-12-00830/article_deploy/html/images/forests-12-00830-g003.png?1624524682)
Forests, Free Full-Text
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374167349/figure/fig1/AS:11431281191998377@1695692971358/Scheme-of-the-cross-laminated-timber-CLT-panel-and-test-specimens_Q320.jpg)
Ryuya Takanashi's research works Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba (FFPRI) and other places
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://media.springernature.com/w290h158/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs10086-023-02105-1/MediaObjects/10086_2023_2105_Fig1_HTML.png)
Journal of Wood Science
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs10086-021-01954-y/MediaObjects/10086_2021_1954_Fig1_HTML.png)
Shear strength properties of hybrid (hinoki cypress and Japanese cedar) cross-laminated timber, Journal of Wood Science
![Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans, Journal of Wood Science](https://media.springernature.com/m685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00107-023-02010-w/MediaObjects/107_2023_2010_Fig4_HTML.png)
Mechanical properties of ply-lam cross-laminated timbers fabricated with lumber and plywood
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